Bipolar disorder is a condition in which people experience intermittent
abnormally elevated (manic or hypomanic) and, in many cases, abnormally
depressed states for periods of time in a way that interferes with
functioning. Not everyone's symptoms are the same, and there is no
simple physiological test to confirm the disorder. Bipolar disorder can
appear to be unipolar depression.
Diagnosing bipolar disorder is often difficult, even for mental health
professionals. What distinguishes bipolar disorder from unipolar
depression is that the affected person experiences states of mania and
depression. Often bipolar is inconsistent among patients because some
people feel depressed more often than not and experience little mania
whereas others experience predominantly manic symptoms. Additionally,
the younger the age of onset—bipolar disorder starts in childhood or
early adulthood in most patients—the more likely the first few episodes
are to be depression.[6]
Because a bipolar diagnosis requires a manic or hypomanic episode, many
patients are initially diagnosed and treated as having major
depression.
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